Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection

What is Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection?
Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection is a potent, ultra-short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic derived from fentanyl. It is specifically designed for surgical use where a rapid onset and a very brief duration of action are required. Because it reaches its peak effect within minutes and is quickly cleared by the body, it allows for exceptionally precise control over a patient's level of pain and sedation during surgical maneuvers.
Uses of Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection
Short Surgical Procedures: Ideal for brief interventions like joint reductions or short outpatient surgeries where a quick recovery is necessary.
Induction of Anesthesia: Used as a component of balanced anesthesia to provide rapid analgesia before intubation.
Analgesic Adjunct: Supplementing general anesthesia during longer surgeries to manage sudden painful stimuli.
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC): Providing sedation and pain relief for patients who are awake but require comfort during diagnostic procedures.
Continuous Infusion: Used in larger surgeries to maintain a steady level of analgesia that can be stopped abruptly for a fast "wake-up" time.
How Does Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection Work?
Alfentanil is a selective mu-opioid receptor agonist. It works by binding to these receptors in the brain and spinal cord, effectively blocking the transmission of pain signals. Its unique clinical advantage lies in its low pKa, which means a higher percentage of the drug exists in a non-ionized form at physiological pH. This allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier significantly faster than fentanyl or morphine, resulting in an almost immediate onset of action.
FAQs on Alfentanil Hydrochloride Injection
1. How fast does Alfentanil work compared to Fentanyl? Alfentanil has a much faster onset than fentanyl. It reaches its peak analgesic effect in about 1 to 2 minutes, whereas fentanyl can take 3 to 5 minutes. This makes it superior for managing very sudden, short-lived painful events during surgery.
2. Why is the "short duration" an advantage? The ultra-short half-life means the drug does not accumulate in the body's tissues as much as other opioids. This leads to a predictable and rapid recovery, allowing patients to wake up and regain their natural breathing drive more quickly after the procedure is finished.
3. What is the most critical safety precaution? Like all potent opioids, Alfentanil can cause respiratory depression and skeletal muscle rigidity (especially in the chest wall). It must only be administered by anesthesia professionals in a setting equipped for full respiratory support and where the reversal agent Naloxone is immediately available.
Therapeutic Category
Pain & Analgesics (Opioid Analgesic / Anesthetic Adjunct)
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