Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection

What is Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection?
Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection is a specialized chelating agent used to remove toxic levels of lead from the body. It belongs to the family of ethylenediaminetetraacetates. Unlike Disodium EDTA (which is used for hypercalcemia), this "Calcium" version is specifically designed to treat lead toxicity without depleting the body’s essential calcium levels. It is a vital intervention for both pediatric and adult patients suffering from lead encephalopathy or high blood lead levels.
Uses of Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection
Lead Poisoning: Management of acute and chronic lead poisoning in pediatric and adult patients.
Lead Encephalopathy: Critical treatment for brain swelling and neurological symptoms caused by severe lead toxicity (often used with Dimercaprol).
Reduction of Blood Lead Levels: To lower high concentrations of lead in the blood and mobilize lead stored in the bones.
Diagnostic Test: Used in the "Lead Mobilization Test" to assess the total body burden of lead.
Heavy Metal Mobilization: Occasionally used for other heavy metal toxicities under strict clinical guidance.
How Does Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection Work?
Edetate Calcium Disodium works through the process of chelation. The calcium in the molecule is displaced by lead because the drug has a much higher affinity for lead ions. When the drug meets lead in the bloodstream or soft tissues, it "exchanges" its calcium for the lead, forming a stable, non-toxic, and water-soluble lead-EDTA complex. This complex is then safely filtered by the kidneys and excreted in the urine.
FAQs on Edetate Calcium Disodium Injection
1. Is Edetate Calcium Disodium the same as Disodium EDTA? No. This is a critical distinction. Disodium EDTA (without calcium) is used to treat dangerously high calcium levels. If Disodium EDTA is mistakenly used to treat lead poisoning, it can cause a sudden, life-threatening drop in blood calcium (tetany). Always ensure the "Calcium" form is used for lead toxicity.
2. How is the injection administered? It can be administered via intravenous (IV) infusion or intramuscular (IM) injection. For IV use, the drug must be heavily diluted in 5% Dextrose or Normal Saline and infused slowly over several hours. For IM use, it is often mixed with a local anesthetic like Procaine or Lidocaine to reduce pain at the injection site.
3. What monitoring is required during the treatment course? Patients must have their renal (kidney) function monitored closely, as the lead-EDTA complex is excreted through the kidneys. Doctors also monitor urine output and perform regular blood lead level tests to determine if additional treatment cycles are necessary.
Therapeutic Category
Others (Antidote / Chelating Agent)
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