Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection

What is Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection?
Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection is a potent nonspecific smooth muscle relaxant and a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Unlike other alkaloids derived from the opium poppy, it does not have significant analgesic (painkilling) or sedative properties. Instead, it is used specifically to relax the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, and urinary system, making it an essential treatment for conditions involving painful spasms or restricted blood flow.
Uses of Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection
Vascular Spasms: Treatment of spasms associated with acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) or angina pectoris.
Peripheral Vascular Disease: Management of restricted blood flow in the limbs caused by arterial spasms.
Visceral Spasms: Relief of abdominal pain caused by spasms in the stomach, gallbladder, or intestinal tract.
Ureteral Colic: Treatment of intense pain caused by muscle spasms in the urinary tract, often due to kidney stones.
Erectile Dysfunction (Off-label): Used via intracavernosal injection to increase blood flow for the treatment of impotence.
How Does Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection Work?
Papaverine works by directly inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE) within smooth muscle cells. This inhibition leads to an increase in intracellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP). High levels of cAMP prevent the muscles from contracting, resulting in the relaxation of the muscular walls of blood vessels (vasodilation) and internal organs. It also has a direct inhibitory effect on the movement of calcium ions across cell membranes, which further aids in muscle relaxation.
FAQs on Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection
1. How is Papaverine Hydrochloride usually administered? It is typically administered via slow intravenous (IV) injection or intramuscular (IM) injection. In specialized cardiac or vascular procedures, it may be injected directly into an artery (intra-arterial) by a specialist to relieve localized spasms.
2. Can Papaverine be used for general pain relief? No. While it helps relieve pain caused by muscle spasms, it is not a general painkiller or an opioid. It should only be used for the specific medical conditions for which it is indicated.
3. What are the common side effects of the injection? The most common side effects include flushing of the face, increased heart rate (tachycardia), a slight increase in blood pressure, or dizziness. Because it is metabolized by the liver, patients with hepatic impairment should be monitored closely for signs of toxicity.
Therapeutic Category
Cardiovascular (Vasodilator / Antispasmodic)
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